Aerofoot

 

 HOW HUMAN SWEAT?

Human needs the energy to keep their vital activities. The body consumes glucose and oxygen to produce the energy necessary for vital activities through cellular respiration in the mitochondria of the cell. While respiration ATP breakdown occurs and heat energy is released.

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Sweating is one of the most important factors in the body temperature equation which is homeostasis. High body temperature, and food consumption that reacts to the bitter, illness, pain, and tension can cause or trigger sweating.

The heat released during cellular respiration raises the body temperature and this information is sent to the hypothalamus to reduce the heat released by stimulating the heat receptors. The hypothalamus stimulates the sweat glands in the skin through the sympathetic nervous system and sweating is triggered. After the stimulation of the hypothalamus, high levels of sodium and chloride come out of the cell fluid to pass through the sweat gland and are collected in this narrow channel. Since the inside of the canal is saltier than the outside, water is collected in the canal via osmosis. Thus, this water is filled up to the upper part of the channel and is thrown to the skin surface together with the salts. During the evaporation of this liquid on the surface, heat loss is experienced and the increase in temperature in the metabolic process is balanced by the loss of body heat. Liquid sweat that accumulates on the skin with sweating evaporates with the effect of body temperature, and 540 calories of energy are required for the evaporation of 1 gram of sweat.

 

References:

1. KALKAN M.T, Isı, Sıcaklık, Ter, Terleme, 2018, Tıp Fakültesi Klinikleri, Vol:1, Number: 1, Page 109-130.

2. Picture 1 is taken Khanacademy.org, click the web-site to go original page.

3. Picture 2 is taken cosinuss.com, click the web-site to go original page.